Quotes from Albert Einstein

My favorite Albert Einstein quotes;

1. "Imagination is more important than knowledge."
2. "Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love."
3. "I want to know God's thoughts; the rest are details."
4. "The hardest thing in the world to understand is the income tax."
5. "Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one."
6. "The only real valuable thing is intuition."
7. "A person starts to live when he can live outside himself."
8. "Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character."
9. "I never think of the future. It comes soon enough."
10. "The eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility."
11. "Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing."
12. "Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new."
13. "Great spirits have often encountered violent opposition from weak minds."
14. "The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education."
15. "The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking."
16. "Peace cannot be kept by force. It can only be achieved by understanding."
17. "We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them."
18. "Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school."
19. "The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing."
20. "A human being is a part of a whole, called by us _universe_, a part limited in time and space. He experiences himself, his thoughts and feelings as something separated from the rest... a kind of optical delusion of his consciousness. This delusion is a kind of prison for us, restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us. Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty."

http://rescomp.stanford.edu/~cheshire/EinsteinQuotes.html

Important steps for thesis study

Steps for planning and carrying out a research study

A research study can be thought of as consisting of five related parts:

• deciding on the objectives of the study,
• choosing an appropriate study design with adequate sample sizes,
• collecting the data accurately and consistently,
• analysing the data with appropriate methods and
• producing a final report that includes all the important details about the study.

Structure of a thesis proposal

Thesis proposal should have the following elements in this order.

• Title page
• Abstract
• Table of contents
• Introduction
• Thesis statement
• Approach/methods
• Preliminary results and discussion
• Work plan including time table
• Implications of research
• List of references

http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~martins/sen_sem/thesis_org.html

Types of Research studies

Six types of research studies

The qualitative versus quantitative approach to the classification of research activities classifies all research studies into one of six categories

Qualitative approach The qualitative approach involves the collection of extensive narrative data in order to gain insights into phenomena of interest, data analysis includes the coding of the data and production of a verbal synthesis (inductive process)

1. Historical research
2. Qualitative research

Quantitative approach The quantitative approaches involve the collection of numerical data in order to explain, predict, and/or control phenomena of interest, data analysis is mainly statistical (deductive process)

3. Descriptive research
4. Correlational research
5. Causal-comparative research
6. Experimental Research

http://www.mnstate.edu/wasson/ed603/ed603lesson2.htm

Achievement in Web-Based Learning

Three dimensions of multimedia interactivity by (Narciss, Proske, & Körndle, 2007):

1. A technical dimension referring to all features of a web-based learning environment that allow learners to search, locate, select, access, manipulate, document and save information.
2. A social dimension referring to all features of a web-based learning environment that allow learners to contact their instructors’ online, exchange information with other learners, and work collaboratively with the learning material of the web-based learning environment.
3. A mental dimension referring to all features of a web-based learning environment that allow learners to process the learning materials constructively, engage in learning activities actively and take control of their learning processes.

Information Literacy

Information Literacy and Information Technology

Information literacy is related to information technology skills, but has broader implications for the individual, the educational system, and for society. Information technology skills enable an individual to use computers, software applications, databases, and other technologies to achieve a wide variety of academic, work-related, and personal goals. Information literate individuals necessarily develop some technology skills.

Information Literacy and Higher Education

Developing lifelong learners is central to the mission of higher education institutions. By ensuring that individuals have the intellectual abilities of reasoning and critical thinking, and by helping them construct a framework for learning how to learn, colleges and universities provide the foundation for continued growth throughout their careers, as well as in their roles as informed citizens and members of communities. Information literacy is a key component of, and contributor to, lifelong learning. Information literacy competency extends learning beyond formal classroom settings and provides practice with self-directed investigations as individuals move into internships, first professional positions, and increasing responsibilities in all arenas of life. Because information literacy augments students’ competency with evaluating, managing, and using information, it is now considered by several regional and discipline-based accreditation associations as a key outcome for college students.

http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlstandards/informationliteracycompetency.cfm

Approaches to multicultural education

Five approaches to multicultural education: by Sleeter (1996)

1. Advocates of the Teaching the Culturally Different approach attempt to raise the academic achievement of students of color through culturally relevant instruction.
2. In the Human Relations approach students are taught about commonalties of all people through understanding their social and cultural differences but not their differences in institutional and economic power.
3. The Single Group Studies approach is about the histories and contemporary issues of oppression of people of color, women, low socioeconomic groups, and gays and lesbians.
4. The Multicultural Education approach promotes the transformation of the educational process to reflect the ideals of democracy in a pluralistic society. Students are taught content using instructional methods that value cultural knowledge and differences.
5. Educators who use the Social Reconstructionist approach to multicultural education go a step further to teach students about oppression and discrimination. Students learn about their roles as social change agents so that they may participate in the generation of a more equitable society.

Where did Human Performance Technology Evolve?

A systematic model known as ADDIE was developed in the enhancement to HPT understanding and learning, the factors are as following;

Analytical Systems were developed due to the need for more effective strategies to analyze and evaluate organizations.
Cognitive Engineering is a fascinating example of how multiple fields combine to form a new discipline for dealing with new challenges.
Information Technology and its advances have had a huge impact on human performance technology.
Ergonomics and Human Factors link our quantitative skills to the integrated systems of people, machines, and materials.
Psychometrics is the measurement of human achievement and capabilities. In the past, psychometrics was used to primarily to measure learning and general ability.
Feedback Systems have had a tremendous impact on human performance technology.

http://web.utk.edu/~cis/hpt/hpt%20defined.pdf